UPDATED: Mar 20, 2018 - Ubuntu Gnome 16.04
Ubuntu is fantastic, stable and I've truly been enjoying it. For my friends and family, here is a cheatsheet for getting your system up and running.
Get Ubuntu Gnome
The default Unity interface sucks.. So be sure to download Ubuntu Gnome 16/04, burn it to a CD/thumb drive and install it side-by-side with windows.
The Basics
Ubuntu Restricted Extra's makes all rich media work, vlc will play anything and gimp is your open source photoshop and some other goodies you'll need.
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras vlc gimp alacarte
No need to worry about ssd trim anymore. We've got these out of the box. :)
Ditch Firefox for Chrome
Google Chrome can be downloaded from google or installed from the command line like so.
cd ~/Downloads
wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
We can't live without our hangouts plugin, an absolute must have!
And we'll need java, since it runs billions of devices
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer
If you get a message complaining, be sure to run the fix command that the message instructs you to run... then re-run the commands above.
Customize
You can only install gnome extensions in firefox. I highly recomend browsing to these in firefox and installing them:
If you're like me you get tired of the animation when you bring up the applications menu. Disable it with this:
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface enable-animations false
Programmer stuff
Install and setup git
sudo apt-get install git
git config --global user.email "you@example.com"
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global push.default simple
Sublime Text 3 is a great all-purpose editor for programmers, also installable via the command line with this:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/sublime-text-3
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install sublime-text-installer
And make sure you get your package manager
Setup your ssh-key for source control sites like github and bitbucket
ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "your_email@example.com"
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
then copy-n-paste the output into your account settings on github or bitbucket
Ruby, Rails & Tmux
Don't miss out on my other blog posts that walk you through installing Ruby & Rails and Tmux.
And That's All
You've got ubuntu + things it should have come with anyway.
Enjoy!